What significant contribution did Rosalind Franklin make to science?

Rosalind Franklin's most significant contribution to science lies in her crucial role in elucidating the double helix structure of DNA. Her expertise in X-ray crystallography allowed her to produce high-quality images of DNA, notably Photograph 51, which provided key insights into the DNA molecule's helical structure. This work was pivotal in the eventual identification of DNA's double helix by James Watson and Francis Crick, who used her data to develop their model of DNA structure. Franklin's meticulous research offered the foundational evidence that helped shape our understanding of genetic material, making her contributions indispensable in the field of molecular biology and genetics.

While other options may mention significant aspects of genetics and scientific discovery, they do not directly pertain to her pivotal findings regarding DNA's structure.